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This paper uses both the descriptive and comparative approaches to provide an overview of migration of international students to Fulda University of Applied Sciences as a case study of Germany universities. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of migration of international students in Fulda University of Applied Sciences using secondary data on international students in Fulda University of Applied Sciences that obtained from the international office and marketing department at the international office in Fulda University of Applied Sciences. We add to the existing studies in the international literature by presenting an interesting analysis of migration of international students in Fulda University of Applied Sciences as a case study of German universities. An interesting element in our analysis is that we examine migration of international students in Fulda University of Applied Sciences compared to Germany universities. Therefore, we provide an extremely valuable contribution to the increasing debate in the international literature concerning the increasing interaction between migration and increasing internationalisation of higher education in Germany. We provide new contribution by showing the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on migrations of international higher education students to Fulda University of Applied Sciences. We examine the first hypothesis that consistent with all German universities the pattern and size of migration of international students to Fulda University of Applied Sciences increased substantially over the period (2008-2023) but the distribution showed considerable variation over the period (2008-2023). We investigate the second hypothesis that consistent with all German universities the COVID-19 Pandemic has not affected the flow of migration of international students to Fulda University of Applied Sciences (2019-2020). We find that the international students make 19.5% of total students studying in Fulda University of Applied Sciences 2023, while the international students make 16% of total students studying in German universities, 2022/23. We show that the share of international students in Fulda University of Applied Sciences (which is nearly fifth of all students studying in Fulda University of Applied Sciences (19.5%)), is above the standard rate for all German universities (16%). We find that consistent with all German universities in Fulda University of Applied Sciences, despite the fact that more than half of international students coming from ten key top countries, however, the diversity is demonstrated from the fact that the international students coming from a wider range of countries.
A unique aspect of our analysis is the presentation of a new case study on migrant international higher education students at Fulda University of Applied Sciences. This study utilizes new primary data from a short survey examining the migration patterns of international students. The survey analysed the distribution of international students at Fulda University of Applied Sciences, focusing on their regions and countries of origin, fields of study, backgrounds, motivations, challenges, and recommendations for improving the international student experience at Fulda University of Applied Sciences and in Germany overall. The survey results at Fulda University of Applied Sciences align closely with trends observed across German universities regarding international students.
This paper employs both descriptive and comparative approaches to offer a comprehensive overview of the migration of international higher education students to Germany. It presents an in-depth and recent analysis of international student migration, utilising secondary data from UNESCO on global student mobility in tertiary education and statistics from German institutions on international students in Germany. This study contributes to existing literature by examining migration trends from the perspective of Germany as a receiving country and discussing migration patterns from various global regions. As Germany is one of the most popular destinations for international study, this paper adds valuable insights into the growing intersection of migration and the internationalisation of higher education. Furthermore, it highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on international student migration to Germany. The paper explores five key hypotheses: the first hypothesis examines the substantial increase in international student migration to Germany between 2000 and 2023, with considerable regional variation in distribution. The second hypothesis addresses the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on international student migration flows to Germany in 2019-2020. The third hypothesis identifies the pull factors driving the increasing trend of international student migration, including economic incentives (such as low or no tuition fees, scholarships, and employment prospects), educational opportunities (such as high-quality institutions and research focus), and other factors. The fourth hypothesis explores the mixed impacts of international student migration, such as knowledge transfer, brain gain, and skill acquisition for return migrants, but also brain drain for non-return migrants. Finally, the fifth hypothesis investigates how the integration of international students into Germany's labour market benefits the country’s economy.
Research questions:
What is the variety of robots used in nursing environment?
How can the acceptance of robots by nurses be measured?
a large variety of robots are used in nursing environment: from humanoid robot until robotic devices. The questionnaire has to take the professional environment and the distance from nurses to robots into account. The Almere Model was used to complement questions using 5 point Likert scale for measuring the acceptance of the robots.
Background
Global Health has increasingly gained international visibility and prominence. First and foremost, the spread of cross-border infectious disease arouses a great deal of media and public interest, just as it drives research priorities of faculty and academic programmes. At the same time, Global Health has become a major area of philanthropic action. Despite the importance it has acquired over the last two decades, the complex collective term “Global Health” still lacks a uniform use today.
Objectives
The objective of this paper is to present the existing definitions of Global Health, and analyse their meaning and implications. The paper emphasises that the term “Global Health” goes beyond the territorial meaning of “global”, connects local and global, and refers to an explicitly political concept. Global Health regards health as a rights-based, universal good; it takes into account social inequalities, power asymmetries, the uneven distribution of resources and governance challenges. Thus, it represents the necessary continuance of Public Health in the face of diverse and ubiquitous global challenges. A growing number of international players, however, focus on public-private partnerships and privatisation and tend to promote biomedical reductionism through predominantly technological solutions. Moreover, the predominant Global Health concept reflects the inherited hegemony of the Global North. It takes insufficient account of the global burden of disease, which is mainly characterised by non-communicable conditions, and the underlying social determinants of health.
Conclusions
Beyond resilience and epidemiological preparedness for preventing cross-border disease threats, Global Health must focus on the social, economic and political determinants of health. Biomedical and technocratic reductionism might be justified in times of acute health crises but entails the risk of selective access to health care. Consistent health-in-all policies are required for ensuring Health for All and sustainably reducing health inequalities within and among countries. Global Health must first and foremost pursue the enforcement of the universal right to health and contribute to overcoming global hegemony.
To date, studies on individual and organizational health literacy (OHL) in facilities for people with disabilities are scarce. Thus, the aims of this study are (1) to adapt an existing instrument for measuring organizational health literacy (OHL), namely, the “Health literate health care organization scale” (HLHO-10), to the context of facilities for people with disabilities, (2) to quantitatively examine characteristics of OHL, and (3) to qualitatively assess the definition and role of OHL by interviewing managers and skilled staff. An online study in Germany with N = 130 managers and skilled staff in facilities for people with disabilities was conducted, using the adapted HLHO-10 questionnaire. Univariate analyses were applied. Qualitative content analysis was used to investigate interview data from N = 8 managers and skilled staff from N = 8 facilities for people with disabilities in Hesse, Germany. Quantitative results revealed that respondents reported a below-average level in HLHO-10, with the lowest level found in the attribute of participative development of health information. The qualitative findings showed a clear need for improved navigation to and in facilities. The quantitative and qualitative findings are mainly consistent. Future research and measures should focus on facilities for people with disabilities in order to strengthen the development of and access to target-group-specific health information, as well as to establish a health-literate working and living environment.
Free Trade versus Democracy and Social Standards in the European Union: Trade-Offs or Trilemma?
(2019)
This article aims at conceptualising, in analytical as well as normative-theoretical terms, the tensions between free trade, democratic and social standards, and national sovereignty that are named in Dani Rodrik´s “globalisation trilemma” for the case of the European Union (EU). It is argued that the trilemma concept is much more fitting to the EU than a simple trade-off concept. This model offers a conceptual path to both analysing existing tensions and thinking of resolving them: a) the EU has, indeed, been intervening into national democracies and national sovereignty as its legislation is superior to national legislation; b) EU legislation and judgements of the Court of Justice of the EU have been reducing national social standards; c) executives and numerous new institutions and agencies with indirect legitimation have taken over competencies that formerly lay in the domain of national directly legitimated legislatives; and d) these negative effects relate to the EU’s giving preference to the liberalisation of free trade of capital, goods and services over democracy, social standards, and national sovereignty. Against the framework of the globalisation trilemma, analysis is combined with normative-theoretical judgements on the quality democracy of the setting that has been found and a conceptual discussion. The article concludes by discussing the perspectives of the setting examined and the possible paths to solutions, arguing that in order to keep a high level of economic integration, democracy, and social standards in the EU, national sovereignty needs to give way.
- To strengthen its expanding role in global health, the German government is currently preparing a new global health strategy, to be published in 2019.
- As social, political and economic determinants are highly relevant for population health, the German government will need to increase coherence in order to promote its emphasis on creating equal opportunities and reducing inequalities in and between countries.
- For further strengthening its commitment to universal health coverage, for promoting decent work and healthy labour conditions, and for enforcing the right to health, the German government will have to stress the mandatory role of the public sector for global health
The 1st Jordanian Conference on Logistics in the Mashreq Region was organized within the framework of the research project “JOINOLOG”, funded by the German Ministry of Education and Science.
The project’s conclusion and introduction to an audience of peers was the 1st Jordanian Conference on Logistics in the Mashreq Region (JCLM1), conducted on November 14th and 15th, 2023. These are the proceedings of this final event. They consolidate the shared efforts of all participants and speakers in JCLM1. The collection of these scientific results aims to promote logistical sciences and its transfer into application, which is reflected by their multidimensional presentation in this document.
Background: In 2021, a significant proportion of adult deaths in Germany, comprising of 447,473 individuals, occurred within hospital settings, representing nearly half of the total deaths in the country, which numbered 1,023,687 (statistika 2021). Consequently, nurses play a pivotal role as primary caregivers for this patient group, necessitating comprehensive education to address their specific needs. Existing literature suggests that nursing students often lack the adequate preparation to provide care for this group, with factors such as insufficient theoretical knowledge and suboptimal mentoring during clinical placements (Bloomfield et al. 2015; Gillan et al. 2014; Leighton 2009, Leighton/Dubas 2009). The use of simulation has proven effective in bridging the theory-practice gap, particularly in the context of End-of-Life Care. The objective of this study was to assess nursing students' perceptions of the use of simulation in learning about End-of-Life Care (Gillan et al. 2014; Moreland et al. 2012).
Methods: Over a three-year period, three cohorts of third-year nursing students at Fulda University of Applied Sciences engaged in simulated experiences involving a dying patient and one or more family members. The authors created three different scenarios in which the students had to perform oral care, break bad news to family members and administer palliative pain medication. During the simulations, the family member(s) confronted the students with questions concerning spiritual care and improving the quality of life at this stage. This project utilized a qualitative design. After the simulation and debriefing sessions, semi-structured interviews and group discussion were conducted. After transcribing, the interviews were analyzed using open and axial coding, after the Glaser and Strauss approach to Grounded Theory.
Results: The process of theoretical coding yielded five results: Simulation revealed to be a good tool to learn about End-of-Life Care (1), simulation focused on communication (2), the importance of spiritual care (3), the aspect of realism (4) and a lack of theoretical knowledge (5).
Conclusion: Simulation-based learning seems to be a valuable tool in the teaching of End-of-Life-Care especially with a focus on communication.